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When a Promise Matters More Than Power — The Bushidō of Tōdō Niemon

A powerful samurai story from the Battle of Sekigahara that explores why a single promise mattered more than power, reward, or authority—and what true integrity requires to endure.

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Rethinking Hinkyū Mondōka: A Forgotten Warning from 1,300 Years Ago— Why Okura’s Poem Was Never About Japanese Peasants

A fresh historical reading of Yamanoue no Okura’s Hinkyū Mondōka reveals that the poem depicts the suffering of former Japanese subjects in Kaya under Silla rule—not domestic peasants. An essay on history, daily life, and the moral philosophy Okura sought to convey.

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